tourism

Housekeeping department

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It is mostly co-operated with Reception, Maintainance,Restaurent&Account Departments.

Reception & housekeeping are both concerned with rooms. The farmer with letting & the latter with preparation & the later servicing of the rooms. Its relies on the receptionist to let her know daily arrival list & departure lists. expected VIP guests, special requests for cots, bed boards or baby sisters.And also its have to report back how many rooms are vacant ready, vacant dirty, etc.
Maintainance & housekeeping are cooperated for any items requiring attention, such as air-con leaking, dripping taps, faulty electrical plugs or broken cash cards,& we not floshing.
Restaurents- cooperation is mainly concerned with lenen. Lenen keeper needs to have sufficient stock to meet the demands of the restaurent & also Rest : Manager also should ensure that the times for exchange of linen are respected & that linen is not mis-used.

Housekeeping

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It may be defined as the provision of a clean comfortable & safe environment. All these should be the concern of every member of the establishment.

Organization of housekeeping department in large hotel

Assistant House Keeper: Who supervise the maids & carry out work delegated by housekeeper.
Liner keeper who supervise the work of liner room & who may have several liner maids to assit has in providing clean, presentable liner thoughout the house.
Valets who usually only work in 1st class hotels are responsible for the valeting of the clothes of guests & may combine same of less dirty jobs of the houseporter.

Fire Insurance

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After Marine insurance fire insurance developed in present form. It had been observed in Anglo Saxon guild form for the 1st time where victims of fire hazards were given personal assistance by providing necessaries of life.

Marine Insurance

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This is the oldest form of insurance under Bottomary bond. If the ship was lost, the loan & interest were forfeited.Many times there were several risks like robbery by pirates or got sunk in the deep water. Therefore, to safeguard them,the financial loss which could not be conveniently born by the unfortunate individual victims in Marine Insurance.

Introduction of insurance

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In simple words, the term insurance is defined as a cooperative device to spread the loss caused by a particular risk. We know that human life is full of risks involves the loss of one or other kind. Not only in individual life, in business also one has to come across many risks and situation of uncertainty. So the function of insurance is to spread the loss over a large number of persons who are agreed to cooperate each other at the time of loss. Insurance cannot protect total risk or risk cannot be averted, but it can be compensated through the distribution amongst the agreed persons. So risk can be reduced or that can be lighter by diversifying into different persons or sectors.

Insurance is the organized & co-operative management which stands against the casual risks & losses of human life & property. The term of insurance can be defied in two ways. They are classical &modern.
According to functional classification,"Insurance is a co-operative form of distributing a certain risk over a group of persons who are exposed to it."
According to M.k Ghosh & A.n Agrawal,"Insurance is simply a cooperative form of distributing a certain risk over a group of persons exposed to it."

Introduction of Tourist Motivation

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An understanding of why people buy the holidays or business trips they wake,how they go about selecting their holidays, why they choose to travel when they do is vital to those who work in the tourism industry. Yet curiously, we know relatively little about tourism motivation, and although we gather numerous statistics which reveal a great deal about who goes where, the reasons for these choices are little understood. This is not entirely the result of a lack of research, because many large companies do commission research into the behaviour of their clients, but as this is in house research, the information it reveals is confidential to the company concerned, and seldom becomes public knowledge.

Motivation and purpose are closely related, and earlier in this book the principal purposes for which tourists travel were identified. There are three board categories: Business travel, Leisure travel, and miscellaneous travel.

Concepts of Tourism Demand

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The notion that some individuals may harbor a demand for tourism but unable to realize that demand suggests that demand for tourism consists of a no. of components. We can identify 3 basic components that make up the total demand for tourism.Effective or actual demand is the actual no. of participants in tourism or those who are traveling, i.e. De facto tourists. This is the component of demand most commonly and easily measured and the bulk of tourism statistics refer to effective demand.

Suppressed demand is made up of that section of the population who do not travel for some reason.
Finally, there will always be those who simply do not wish to travel or are unable to travel, constituting category of no demand.

Definitions of Tourism Demand

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It vary according to the subject perspective of the author. FOR e.g:economists consider demand to be the schedule of the amount of any product or service that people are willing and able to buy at each specific price in a set of possible prices during a specified period of time. in contrast, psychologist view demand from the perspective of motivation and behaviour.Geographers, on the other hand, define tourist demand as,'the total no. of persons what travel, or wish to travel,to use tourist facilities and services at places away from their places of work and residence'(Mathieson and wall,1982).
Each approach is useful. The economic approach introduces the idea of elasticity which describes the relationships between demand and prices, or other variables. The geographer's definition implies a wide range of influences, in addition to price, as determinants of demand and includes not only those who actually participate in tourism, but also those who wish to, but for so many reason do not on the other hand, the psychologist scratches. Underneath the skin of the tourist to examine the interaction of personality, environment and demand for tourism.

Tourism Demand

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The concepts and definitions that underpin the study and activity of tourism,were offering the reader a model of tourism system as a way of thinking about tourism and providing a framework for students approaching the subject. Thus, this chapter may be used as a perspective for the remainder of the material in this book.

Transportation

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Time and Money:this is the critical component to tourism the ability to get from point A to point B and back or to point C,D,E...... The variables of Time, how long it takes to get to a specific destination, and money, how much it costs to get to your destination. Tourism developments are dependent on the ease of access and types of transportation available.

Hospitality: The community's attitude which permeates every tourism location that tourist and the local population.

Culture: A way of life which is observed through a peoples religion, history, government and traditions.

Tour Organization

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This further refines the form, which the travel takes.
A tour may be independent or packaged.
A package tour, for which the official term is inclusive tour,(IT),is an arrangement in which transport and accommodation are purchased by the tourist at an all-inclusive price.
The price of the individual elements of the tour cannot normally be determined by the purchaser.
The tour operator which puts together the package will buy transport and accommodation in advance, generally at a lower price because the products are being bought in bulk and the tours are then sold individually to holiday makers either directly or through travel agent.

Requirements

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Time: Time as the hours for leisure increase so dose the opportunity for travel. Changes in work days or hours, school calendars will affect how and when people can travel.The overall travel pattern has moved form a two week vacation to 6-8three or four day mini-vacations per year.

Money:Money, the majority of travel requires discretionary income. Discretionary income is money left over after all monetary obligation have been paid.

Mobility:Mobility is the access to transportation and the hours required to get to their destination.

Motivation: Motivation, is the reason people travel. Motivations may include seeking novelty education meet new people, adventure or stress reduction.

Demention of tourism

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All tourism activities are related to one or more of the following dimension of tourism.
Attractions:Are the primary motivation for traveling. They may be a primary destination such as Disney World or secondary destination which are interesting places to visit on the way to your primary destination. Most tourist traveling from the east to go to Las Vegas will stopover at the Grand Canyon national Park on the way.Attractions usually focus on natural resources,culture,ethnicity or entertainment.

Natural Resources:Natural resources are the combination of physical features(Yosemite National Park, California),the climate(Vail, Colorado),and the natural beauty of the area.

Definition

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Mathieson and wall(1982) created a good working definition of tourism "the temporary movement of people to destination outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destination and facilities created to their needs. According to Macintosh and Goeldner In 1980 tourism is "the sum of the phenomena and relationship arising from the interaction of tourist business suppliers, host governments and host communities in the process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other visitors."

other terms of interest are: Excurionist, Foreign Tourist, Travel visitor etc.

Introduction

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Since the beginning of time humans have traveled. Food, water, safety or acquisition of resources were the early travel motivations.But the idea of travel for pleasure or exploration soon emerged. Travel has always depended upon technology to provide the means or mode of travel. the earliest travelers walked or rode domesticated animals. The invention of wheel and sail provided new modes of transportation. Each improvement in technology increased individuals opportunities to travel. as roads were improved and government stabilized, interest in travel increased for education sightseeing, and religious purpose. one of the earliest travel guides was written by pausanies a greek, which was a 10 volume "guide to Greece, for roman tourism 170AD.

Tourism is a collection of activities, services and industries that delivers a travel experience, including transportation, accommodation, eating and drinking establishment, retail shops, entertainment business, activity facilities and other hospitality services provided for individual or groups traveling away from home . The world Tourism Organization (WTO) claims that tourism is currently the worlds largest industry with annual revenues of over $3 trillion dollars. Tourism provides over 6 million jobs in the united- states, making it the country's largest employer.